1 G6.4 – I verbi modali al passato

G6.4 – I verbi modali al passato

The modal verbs (dovere, volere, potere), when used in Presente Perfect (Passato Prossimo) can take either have the verb AVERE or ESSERE.

The Presente Perfect (Passato Prossimo) with modal verbs is composed by three parts

  1. The present of the auxiliary Essere or Avere
  2. The past participle of the modal verb
      • Dovere→ dovuto
      • Potere → potuto
      • Volere → voluto

3. The infinitive of the main verb

Esempio: Io ho dovuto scrivere una lettera.

 

Modal verbs with the auxiliary Avere

  • With the verb avere
  • With all transitive verbs (verbs that answer the questions what? / who?)
  • With some intransitive verbs like:dormire, viaggiare, camminare, passeggiare

 

Esempio:

Io pago il conto → io ho pagato il conto → io ho dovuto pagare il conto

 

Modal verbs with the auxiliary Essere

  • With the reflexive and reciprocal verbs.
  • With verbs that express movement.
  • With verbs that describe state of being and changes.

Esempio:

Sara va a Roma → Sara è andata a Roma → Sara è dovuta andare a Roma

NOTE: The past participle of the modal verb must agree in gender and number with the subject.

 

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