Cjelina 7: O imenima

🔗 7 | 1 | Gramatika: Zamjenica svoj

Reflexive-possessive pronoun SVOJ

Understanding the difference between moj and svoj

In Croatian, possessive pronouns (moj, tvoj, njegov, njezin, njihov…) are used to indicate ownership or possession. For example:

  • Kuća je moja, a stan je tvoj. (The house is mine, and the apartment is yours.)

However, Croatian also has a reflexive possessive pronoun svoj. This pronoun is used when the possessor and the subject of the sentence are the same person.

Why is svoj important?

Using svoj correctly is especially important in the third person, where confusion can easily arise.

Compare the following:

  • Luka je uzeo njegovu čokoladu.
    • Luka took his chocolate – meaning the chocolate belonged to someone else/some other guy.
  • Luka je uzeo svoju čokoladu.
    • Luka took his own chocolate.

In the first sentence, njegovu suggests the chocolate belonged to another person. In the second, svoju makes it clear that the chocolate belongs to Luka himself.

Singular: svoj – svoja – svoje

Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative svoj svoja svoje
Accusative svoj / svog / svojeg svoju svoje
Vocative svoj svoja svoje
Genitive svog / svojeg svoje svog / svojeg
Locative svom / svojem svojoj svom / svojem
Dative svom / svojem svojoj svom / svojem
Instrumental svojim svojom svojim

Plural: svoji – svoje – svoja

Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative svoji svoje svoja
Accusative svoje svoje svoja
Vocative svoji svoje svoja
Genitive svojih svojih svojih
Locative svojim / svojima svojim / svojima svojim / svojima
Dative svojim / svojima svojim / svojima svojim / svojima
Instrumental svojim / svojima svojim / svojima svojim / svojima

When to use moj vs. svoj?

Pronoun moj

  • Ovo je moj automobil. — This is my car.

Pronoun svoj

  • Ja imam svoj automobil. — I have my own car.

A common mistake among learners is to say Uzeo sam moju čokoladu, which is incorrect. Since the subject (ja) and the possessor (svoj) are the same, the correct sentence is: Uzeo sam svoju čokoladu. (I took my own chocolate.)

See other examples:

  • Ja imam automobil. Ovo je moj automobil. Ja imam svoj automobil, ne trebam prijevoz.
    • I have a car. This is my car.
    • I have my own car, I don’t need a ride.
  • On ima automobil. To je njegov automobil. On ima svoj automobil, ne treba prijevoz.
    • He has a car. That is his car.
    • He has his own car, he doesn’t need a ride.

7.1 Zadatak 1: Što znači?

For each sentence, choose the correct interpretation.

7.1 Zadatak 2: Imaš svoj…

Write the correct form of the pronoun svoj.

7.1 Zadatak 3: Čije je?

Read the sentences carefully to determine whether you need to use a possessive pronoun or a reflexive possessive pronoun. Pay close attention to what gender and case you need for each sentence.

Example:

  • Marko ima svoj stan, ali dok sam ja na odmoru on čuva moj stan.
definition

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