Cjelina 5: Sve naj, naj
🔗 5 | 3 | Gramatika: Glagoli + instrumental
Baviti se + Instrumental case
In this lesson you encountered phrases such as: Luka Modrić se bavi nogometom. This is something you already encountered during your first year of learning the language. We will do a quick review.
The verb baviti se indicates your engagement in something recreationally and/or professionally. It can be roughly translated with the English equivalent of “to be engaged in something and practice it” – Bavim se sportom. / Bavim se tenisom.
Using the Instrumental with nouns
Ending –om
Goran Ivanišević se bavio tenisom.
Simone biles se bavi gimnastikom.
Blanka Vlašić se bavila atletikom.
This is the basic ending for the Instrumental case for masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns in singular.
Ending –em
Usain Bolt se bavi trčanjem.
Michael Phelps se bavio plivanjem.
Lindsey Vonn se baci skijanjem.
This ending is used if a masculine or neuter noun ends in a palatal consonant, such as ronjenje, veslanje, trčanje, plivanje, etc.
Tko se bavi skijanjem?
- Lindsey Vonn se bavi skijanjem.
Čime se bavi Lindsey Vonn?
- Bavi se skijanjem.
5.3 Zadatak 1: Kojim sportom se bave?
Complete the sentences using the correct case.
Using the Instrumental case with personal names
Using the Instrumental case with personal names can appear, for example, when we want to talk about famous people. Here is the general rule of how to use personal names in the instrumental case. Be careful, there is a difference between male and female gender and how the name ends!
🇺🇲 SAD se ponosi Michaelom Phelpsom.
first and last name both change
🇭🇷 Hrvatska se ponosi Marinom Čilićem
first and last name both change
🇦🇷 Argentina se ponosi Lionelom Messijem
first and last name both change
🇺🇲 SAD se ponosi Serenom Williams
only the first name changes
🇭🇷 Hrvatska se ponosi Blankom Vlašić
only the first name changes
🇺🇲 SAD se ponosi Lindsey Vonn
it doesn’t change at all
Tko se ponosi Lukom Modrićem?
- Hrvatska se ponosi Lukom Modrićem.
Kime se ponosi Hrvatska?
- Hrvatska se ponosi Lukom Modrićem.
The verb ponositi se
The meaning of the verb is to be proud of (something/someone). It requires the use of the instrumental case.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| Ja se ponosim / Ponosim se | Mi se ponosimo / Ponosimo se |
| Ti se ponosiš / Ponosiš se | Vi se ponosite / Ponosite se |
| On se ponosi / Ponosi se | Oni se ponose / Ponose se |
| Ona se ponosi / Ponosi se | One se ponose / Ponose se |
| Ono se ponosi / Ponosi se | Ona se ponose / Ponose se |
Let’s see — how would you say: Luka Modrić se ponosi… success, career, achievement
| Case | uspjeh [m] | karijera [f] | postignuće [n] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Instrumental sing. | uspjeh-om | karijer-om | postignuć-em |
| Instrumental pl. | uspjes-ima | karijer-ama | postignuć-ima |
Čime se ponosi Luka Modrić?
- Luka Modrić se ponosi uspjehom u Real Madridu.
- Luka Modrić se ponosi karijerom koju je ostvario u Real Madridu.
- Luka Modrić se ponosi postignućem hrvatske reprezentacija na poslijednjem nogometnom prvenstvu.
Čime se ponose Luka Modrić i Christian Ronaldo?
- Modrić i Ronaldo se ponose uspjesima koje su ostvarili u Real Madridu.
- Modrić i Ronaldo se ponose vlastitim karijerama u Real Madridu.
- Modrić i Ronaldo se ponose postignućima koje je Real Madrid kao klub ostvario u prošlogodišnjoj sezoni.
Reflexive Verbs in the Past Tense
Reflexive verbs follow the general rule in the past tense. The only difference is that they will have the reflexive pronoun se. Let us look at the verb baviti se in the 1st person singular form, in both the masculine and feminine genders.
| With personal pronoun/name | Without personal pronoun/name |
|---|---|
| Ja sam se bavio tenisom. | Bavio sam se tenisom. |
| Ja sam se bavila tenisom. | Bavila sam se tenisom. |
The cluster verb biti + reflexive pronoun se will always stay in that order. The cluster verb biti + reflexive pronoun se will change its place, depending on whether or not we use a personal name or a pronoun as the subject. Let’s look at the reflexive verb baviti se for example in all its forms.
BAVITI SE – when used with a personal pronoun or name
| masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|
| Ja sam se bavio tenisom | Ja sam se bavila tenisom. | |
| Ti si se bavio tenisom. | Ti si se bavila tenisom. | |
| On se bavio tenisom. | Ona se bavila tenisom. | Ono se bavilo tenisom*. |
| Mi smo sam se bavili tenisom. | Mi smo se bavile tenisom. | |
| Vi ste sam se bavili tenisom. | Vi ste se bavile tenisom. | |
| Oni su se bavili tenisom. | One su se bavile tenisom. | Ona su se bavila tenisom* |
Rarely would we use the personal pronouns for neuter gender. It’s more common just to use the neuter noun itself.
❗ As you can see, when it comes to reflexive verbs, the 3rd person singular (he, she, or it) will not use the verb biti (to be). You cannot say – On se je bavio tenisom.
Media Attributions
- Goran Ivanišević © daramot is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
- Simone Biles © Agência Brasil Fotografias is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
- Blanka Vlašić © Erik van Leeuwen is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
- Usain Bolt © Jmex60 is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Michael Phelps © Jmex60 is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Lindsey Vonn © Gerwig Loffelholz is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Michael Phelps and the team © Fernando Frazão/Agência Brasil is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
- Marin Čilić © Bruno Girin is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Lionel Messi © Agência Brasil is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
- Serena Williams © TwoWings is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Luka Modrić © RCuerda29 is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
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