Cjelina 4: Umjetna inteligencija
🔗 4 | 2 | Gramatika: Pisanje datuma
DATES – day.month.year.
In Croatian, when writing a date you need to follow the structure of date.month.year. In other words, while in English you would write 11/25/2024, in Croatian the form would be 25.11.2024.
Days will be expressed with ordinal numbers (first, second, third…). Have in mind that ordinal numbers agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe. With dates, the implied noun is dan (masculine singular), so we use the masculine singular form.
The nominative form of the ordinal number (prvi/drugi/treći… srpnja) is used only when the date itself is the subject or predicate complement, e.g.:
- Danas je četvrti srpnja.
- Četvrti srpnja je ponedjeljak.
The month itself is always in the genitive case. This is because the meaning behind the date is “today is the fourth [day] of July.”
Today is…
Koji je danas datum? Danas je 4.7. (četvrti srpnja = the fourth [day] of July)
- 4. — četvrti [dan] = the 4th [day]
- 7. — srpnja = of July
👉 The explanations that follow focus on using the genitive, because this is the form you’ll need most often when talking about birthdays, travel plans, historical events, and similar situations.
📅 Day / month
When we want to say that something happened/is happening/will happen – the day has to be in the Genitive form (i.e., the ordinal number takes the ending -og/-eg).
Something happened
- Kada si se rodio/-la?
- Rodio/-la sam se 4.7. [četvrtog srpnja]
Something is happening
- Kada se slavi Dan neovisnosti?
- Dan neovisnosti se slavi 4.7. [četvrtog srpnja]
Something will happen
- Kada ideš u SAD?
- Idem u SAD 4.7. [četvrtog srpnja]
The first four ordinal numbers are a bit irregular in their forms. The other numbers will have the ending -og based on their form as cardinal numbers. Pay attention to #23, it takes the ending -eg (just like the ordinal number third).
| Datumi | datumi | datumi |
|---|---|---|
| 1. prvog | 2. drugi | 3. treći |
| 4. četvrtog | 5. petog | 6. šestog |
| 7. sedmog | 8. osmog | 9. devetog |
| 10. desetog | 11. jedanaestog | 12. dvanaestog |
| 13. trinaestog | 14. četrnaestog | 15. petnaestog |
| 16. šesnaestog | 17. sedamnaestog | 18. osamnaestog |
| 19. devetnaestog | 20. dvadesetog | 21. dvadeset (i) prvog |
| 22. dvadeset (i) drugog | 23. dvadeset (i) trećeg | 24. dvadeset (i) četvrtog |
| 25. dvadeset (i) petog | 26. dvadeset (i) šestog | 27. dvadeset (i) sedmog |
| 28. dvadeset (i) osmog | 29. dvadeset (i) devetog | 30. tridesetog |
Date of Birth
As a review for dates (day.month), see the following three examples.
- Rodio/-la sam se 15.1. [petnaestog siječnja]
- Most months will end in -a because they are masculine.
- Rodio/-la sam se 15.2. [petnaestog veljače]
- Only February has the ending -e because it’s the only month with feminine gender.
- Rodio/-la sam se 15.11. [petnaestog studenog]
- Only November has the ending -og because it’s the only month that is an adjective.
📆 Year
What about years? How do we say a specific year?
Let’s take one example (a random year) — 1965. The concept of saying a year is not like in English. You cannot say “nineteen sixty five”. You have to say “a thousand nine hundred sixty fifth (year)”.
Koje godine si rođen/-a?
- 1897. Tisuću devetsto osamdeset sedme.
- You don’t say “one thousand” – you say “a thousand” in the Accusative case. Only the last number is in the form of an ordinal number (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc.)
- 2000. Dvijetisućite
- This is an irregular form you should memorize. If something happened in 2000, this is how you say it.
- 2008. Dvije tisuće osme.
- The number two has to be in the feminine form since we are referring to “godine” which is feminine. The noun “tisuća” requires the use of the Genitive case in singular because it follows the number 2.
🧑💻 Practice
What did we learn…
4.2 Zadatak 1. Poznati datumi
Complete the sentences related to when we celebrate certain holidays. Do not use numbers in your answers.
4.2 Zadatak 2. Hrvatski datumi
This task has two parts. First, match the date with the correct Croatian holiday. Second, write the correct date next to each Croatian holiday. Do not use numbers in your answers.
Media Attributions
- Statehood Day Croatia © Suradnik13 is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Dan pobjede © Flammard is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
- Dan pobjede © Roberta F. is licensed under a CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike) license
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