Уро́к 7
7.1 Grammar: Ходи́ть! (Go, Part I)
Люби́мая Грамма́тика
Part I: Introduction & Examples
Recall that we learned how to say ‘go’ when ‘go’ means going somewhere regularly.
Just to review…
Here are a few приме́ры:
Он ча́сто хо́дит на конце́рты.
‘He often goes to concerts.’
Мы хо́дим в кино́ в суббо́ту.
We go to the movies on Saturday.
Когда́ вы хо́дите в спортза́л?
When do you go to the gym?
Студе́нты хо́дят на заня́тия.
Students go to classes.
Я хожу́ на рабо́ту в понеде́льник и среду́.
‘I go to work on Monday and Wednesday.’
Куда́ хо́дят роди́тели в воскресе́нье?
‘Where do (your) parents go on Sunday?’
Тепе́рь, посмотри́те ви́део:
[VIDEO]
1) The verb ХОДИ́ТЬ ‘to go‘ can be used in the PRESENT tense to describe habitual or routine action, as in these examples above.
2) In the PAST tense, ХОДИ́ТЬ is equivalent to БЫТЬ, as in the following:
Вчера́, я ходи́ла на семина́р. = Вчера, я была́ на семина́ре.
‘Yesterday, I went to a seminar / was at a seminar.’
Мы ходи́ли на конце́рт в Зи́лкере. = Мы бы́ли на конце́рте в Зи́лкере.
‘We went to a concert / were at a concert in Zilker.’
Студе́нты уже́ ходи́ли на уро́к. = Студе́нты уже́ бы́ли на уро́ке.
‘Students already went to class.’
Ма́ма ходи́ла на по́чту сего́дня у́тром. = Ма́ма была́ на по́чте сего́дня у́тром.
‘Mom went to / was at the post office this morning.’
Куда́ вы ходи́ли вчера? = Где вы бы́ли вчера́?
‘Where did you go yesterday / Where were you yesterday?’
Part II: The Rules & What’s Going On
Looking at the examples with ХОДИ́ТЬ again, what can you deduce about the grammar?
1. First, in these examples ходи́ть is always used with the prepositions -в or -на followed by the Accusative Case form of the destination word:
По́сле уро́ка, я всегда́ хожу́ в кафе́.
After class, I always go to a cafe.
Вчера́ мы ходи́ли на о́перу.
We went to the opera yesterday.
Роди́тели хо́дят в це́рковь ка́ждое* воскресе́нье.
(My) parents go to church every Sunday.
*ка́ждый ‘each / every’ – when used as part of a time expression is in Accusative Case, like it is here.
Он ча́сто хо́дит домо́й* на обе́д.
He often goes home for lunch.
*домо́й – ‘to home’ is exceptional and is one of the only destinations used without a preposition.
Compare the past tense examples to the ones with БЫТЬ with which the Prepositional Case is used. Although the two expressions are equivalent in the past tense in these examples, the grammar they use is different. And, yes, you absolutely have to learn the difference.
2. Second, Куда́ ходи́ть? ‘to where / whither‘, is the question, meaning ‘Where does one go?’ and NOT где? ‘where (at)‘.
The question Куда́? implies motion in some direction, whereas Где? indicates static location (no movement in any direction).
Куда́ он хо́дит по́сле рабо́ты?
Where does he go after work?
Куда́ вы ходи́ли вчера́?
Where did you go yesterday?
Куда́ они́ хо́дят ка́ждое у́тро?
Where do they go every morning?
*Remember! This verb, ХОДИ́ТЬ, is used to describe routine, habitual ‘go’ in the present tense and a round trip in the past tense. It CANNOT…. CANNOT … CANNOT be used to describe present tense, continuous action of ‘going’, as in ‘I am going to the store (right now).’
Conjugation chart:
| ХОДИ́ТЬ – to go (on a regular basis / in general) | ||
| Singular | Plural | |
| 1st person | Я хожу́ | Мы хо́дим |
| 2nd person | Ты хо́дишь |
Вы хо́дите |
| 3rd person | Он/Она́ хо́дит | Они хо́дят |
