Уро́к 3
3.5 Грамма́тика – Adjectives
Грамма́тика
Хоро́ший! Хоро́шая? Хоро́шее? Хоро́шие?
Look at the word ‘хоро́ший’ in the following descriptions. Notice anything? Hint – look at the last two letters (aka, ‘the ending’).
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| Э́то хоро́ший база́р. | Э́то хоро́шая кни́га. |
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| Э́то хоро́шее меню́. | Э́то хоро́шие студе́нты. |
What are you able to deduce? Even if you think you totally understand what’s going on, watch Molly figure it out in the following video. We talk a bit more explicitly about it.
And…guess what? There are a lot more adjectives and they all do this same kind of thing. There are, of course, a few things to note about spelling rules. Watch the following video to learn about the mechanics of it all and what’s going on. Then, we’ll look at some more examples and do some practice with it. You will probably need to refer to this video on occasion…YOU NEED TO NOTE THE SPELLING RULES!!!
Masculine
All adjectives describing masculine nouns should have a masculine ending:
- большо́й го́род
- the ending -ой is used for all masculine adjectives with end stress
- хоро́ший рюкза́к
- the ending -ий is used for all adjectives whose stem ends in any of the seven letters ш, ж, ч, щ, к, г, х
- синий океан
- the ending -ий is also used for all soft-stem adjectives, of which there are very few in first-year Russian!
- краси́вый парк
- the ending -ый is used for pretty much anything else: adjectives not ending in these letters or whose stem endings are hard
Feminine
All adjectives describing feminine nouns, should have a feminine ending:
- краси́вая маши́на
- the ending -ая is used for most feminine adjectives by FAR!
- си́няя ру́чка
- the ending -яя is used for soft stem adjectives (not special letters), and these are very few in first-year Russian!
Neuter
All adjectives describing neuter nouns, should have a neuter ending:
- хоро́шее ме́сто
- the ending -ее is used after 5 letters ш, ж, ч, щ, ц
- дома́шнее зада́ние
- the ending -ее is also used for soft stem adjectives, which are extremely few in first-year Russian!
- большо́е окно́
- the ending -ое is used if the ending is stressed, regardless of the preceding letter!
- краси́вое мо́ре
- the ending -ое is used most everywhere else!
Plural
All adjectives describing plural nouns should have a plural ending.
- ру́сские кни́ги
- the ending -ие is used after seven letters ш, ж, ч, щ, к, г, х
- дома́шние чи́псы
- the ending -ие is also used for all soft-stem adjectives, of which there are very few in first-year Russian!
- интере́сные студе́нты
- the ending -ые is used everywhere else, even for stressed endings!
Media Attributions
- PXL_20230722_075726506
- PXL_20240611_172837294
- PXL_20230730_043114825
- PXL_20230726_161145680.MP
